Mongodb 建立有 security 機制的同步備份設定

第1步最重要, DNS 沒有設定合理, 同步備份就無法開始。Primary主機就找不到 Member

1. 每台電腦都必須 setup hostname and dns record
vi /etc/hosts
add IP and domain name

2. 每台電腦都必須
echo "syncme" > /etc/mongod.key
chown mongod:mongod /etc/mongod.key

3. 每台電腦都必須
vi /etc/mongod.conf

security:
  authorization: enabled
  keyFile: /etc/mongod.key

replication:
  oplogSizeMB: 10240
  replSetName: rs1

systemctl restart mongod


4. 回到 Primary 主機上
mongo --authenticationDatabase=admin -u root -p password --host 127.0.0.1

初使化 replSet
rs.initiate()

確認
rs.status()
會看到PRIMARY字眼，表示初始化完成

加入第2台DB
rs.add("192.168.1.2:27017")
加入第3台DB
rs.add("192.168.1.3:27017")
依此類推

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在 VMWARE Workstation 環境下 Linux VM 如何不必重新開機增加硬碟

先在 WORKSTATION 下，新增一個虛擬硬碟
之後。登入 OS

步驟:
1. 先到 /sys/class/scsi_host/
查看 host的最後一個數字是多少

2.然後將數字填入以下的#
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host#/scan

3.查看OS是否已經看到硬碟，例如 /dev/sdb
fdisk -l

4.準備建立分割
fdisk /dev/sdb

5.查看分割是否成功，例如出現 /dev/sdb1
fdisk -l

6.格式化
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

7.編輯 vi /etc/fstab
最末端加入以下，使開機能自動 mount
/dev/sdb1               /mnt/vdisk2             ext4    defaults        0 0

8.重新開機後，下 df -h
檢視有無出現以下，如果有便 mount 成功完成。
/dev/sdb1

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CentOS下用 rinetd 做 port forwarding

Windows下的 port forwarding 一般用的是自带的 nat 和 porttunnel、portmap
Linux 下透過 rinetd
工具主页: http://www.boutell.com/rinetd/
安裝步驟：

mkdir rinetd
cd rinetd
wget http://www.boutell.com/rinetd/http/rinetd.tar.gz
tar zxvf rinetd.tar.gz
cd rinetd
cp rinetd.c rinetd.c.bak
sed -i 's/65536/65535/g' rinetd.c
make
make install

如果有發生錯誤訊息，就依提示建立目錄後，重新make install
完畢。

設定範例:
把 1.1.1.1 的 11 PORT映射到 2.2.2.2 的 3389 ，設定文件如下
vi  /etc/rinetd.conf

1.1.1.1 11 2.2.2.1 3389
1.1.1.1 12 2.2.2.2 3389
1.1.1.1 13 2.2.2.3 22
1.1.1.1 14 2.2.2.4 80
allow *.*.*.*
logfile /var/log/rinetd.log

存檔離開後，啟動步驟：
pkill rinetd
rinetd -c /etc/rinetd.conf

查看執行狀態
netstat -antup


--- 阿里雲 Windows 方式 範例 ---
1. 開啟 CMD

2. netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=ECS服务器的公网IP地址 listenport=3717 connectaddress=云数据库MongoDB的连接地址 connectport=3717

3. netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenaddress=ECS服务器的公网IP地址 listenport=3717 connectaddress=云数据库MongoDB的连接地址 connectport=3717

4. 要查看當前的映射：
netsh interface portproxy show all

5. 要删除不需要的映射：
netsh interface portproxy delete v4tov4 listenaddress=ECS公网服务器的公网IP地址 listenport=3717


6. 要驗證：
在本地 MongoDB shell 连接 ECS Windows 服务器后进行数据写入和查询验证，ECS Windows 服务器的 IP 是1.1.1.1，即 telnet 1.1.1.1 3717



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mount cifs

mount -t cifs -o username="Username",password="Password" //IP/share /mnt/smb


umount /mnt/smb


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以 mongod --repair 修復DB資料

先停止 mongod 的服務，

語法: mongod --dbpath DB資料匣 --repair --repairpath 修復後的DB資料匣

範例: mongod --dbpath /data/db --repair --repairpath /data/db0


修復期間，會在 DB資料匣 建立一個 mongod.lock 以防止 MONGO 服務啟動
修復完畢，會自動被刪除掉。
要注意的是，修復好的DB 必須要注意其擁有者權限是否被更動為 root 了
不然 MONGO 服務就會啟動失敗，一旦啟動失敗 立刻查看 LOG 最後的紀錄原因。


參考資料

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Linux mount NFS Using TCP

The default transport protocol for NFS is UDP; however, the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 kernel includes support for NFS over TCP. To use NFS over TCP, include the -o tcp option to mount when mounting the NFS-exported file system on the client system. For example:

mount -o tcp shadowman.example.com:/misc/export /misc/local

If the NFS mount is specified in /etc/fstab:

server:/usr/local/pub    /pub   nfs    rsize=8192,wsize=8192,timeo=14,intr,tcp


If it is specified in an autofs configuration file:

myproject  -rw,soft,intr,rsize=8192,wsize=8192,tcp penguin.example.net:/proj52


Since the default is UDP, if the -o tcp option is not specified, the NFS-exported file system is accessed via UDP.

The advantages of using TCP include the following:

• Improved connection durability, thus less NFS stale file handles messages.

• Performance gain on heavily loaded networks because TCP acknowledges every packet, unlike UDP which only acknowledges completion.

• TCP has better congestion control than UDP (which has none). On a very congested network, UDP packets are the first types of packet that are dropped. Which means if NFS is writing data (in 8K chunks) all of that 8K has to retransmitted. With TCP because of its reliability, one parts of that 8K data is transmitted at a time.

• Error detection. When a tcp connection breaks (due to the server going down) the client stops sending data and starts the reconnection process. With UDP, since its connection-less, the client continue to pound the network with data until server comes up.

The main disadvantage is that there is a very small performance hit due to the overhead associated with the TCP protocol.


Source:https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/3/html/System_Administration_Guide/s1-nfs-mount.html

Mariadb Backup & Restore

Mariadb Backup & Restore

參考資料：
http://webcheatsheet.com/sql/mysql_backup_restore.php